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Did You Know That Stainless Steel Can Rust?

by Henry Zeller | Oct 30, 2012 | Chemicals, Did you know?

¿Mejor en Español?

¿Sabía usted que le acero inoxidable puede corroerse? Los aceros inoxidables son primariamente aleaciones de hierro y cromo, Cuando se tratan apropiadamente, el hierro de la capa superficial es removido, y el cromo restante se convierte en óxido de cromo. Este proceso es conocido como PASIVACIÓN. Esta capa de óxido de cromo convierte al metal en “inoxidable”, donde evita que el oxígeno y la humedad alcancen las capas inferiores que son ricas en hierro. Si ésta capa se daña o se rasga, no hay nada que evite que evite que el hierro de las capas inferiores sea atacado por el oxígeno, y forme óxidos de hierro o corrosión.

Los operadores de lavado de tanques deben inspeccionar y considerar pasivar un tanque cada vez que sean transportados o almacenados en éstos, químicos con nombres como clorobenceno, cloruro de vinilideno, bromobutano o bromuro de bencilo (luego de una limpieza a fondo, por supuesto). Dichas especies químicas se descomponen con el agua (un proceso llamado HIDRÓLISIS) y libera ácidos que son particularmente dañinos para la capa de óxido de cromo del acero inoxidable. Aún una limpieza con alcalinos no puede evitar que éstos “halógenos” ataquen el metal…sólo demoran el proceso. Por tanto, es altamente recomendable que el tanque sea inspeccionado en busca de signos de corrosión luego de cada lavado, especialmente si han sido utilizados para transportar un material con “brom”, “clor”, o “fluor” en su nombre, Si hubiera alguna duda, el dueño del tanque debe ser capaz de determinar cargas previas.

Como nota adicional, no caiga en la “Trampa de Reparación-Rápida” utilizando brillador de aluminio para eliminar la corrosión o aún limpiar tanques de acero inoxidable. Estos materiales normalmente contienen ácidos hidro-FLÚORicos y/o hidroCLÓRicos, y su uso afectará en la capa de óxido de cromo y puede hacer al tanque más propenso a desarrollar aún mas corrosión luego.

Para mayor información sobre aceros inoxidables, entre a: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stainless_steel

Continúe leyendo en Inglés

Did you know that stainless steel can rust? Stainless steels are primarily alloys of iron and chromium. When treated properly, the iron in the surface layer is removed and the remaining chromium is converted to chromium oxides. This process is known as PASSIVATION. This chromium oxide layer renders the metal “stainless” in that it prevents oxygen and moisture from reaching the underlying layers that are rich in iron. If this layer is damaged or stripped off, there is nothing to prevent the underlying iron from being attacked by oxygen and forming iron oxides or rust.

Tank Wash operators should inspect and consider passivating a tank every time that a chemical with a name like chlorobenzene, vinylidine chloride, bromobutane, benzyl bromide, is shipped or stored in it (after a thorough cleaning, of course). These chemical species will break down with water (a process called HYDROLYSIS) and release acids that are particularly damaging to the chromium oxide surface film of stainless steel.  Even an alkaline washing cannot prevent these “halogens” from attacking the metal…it only slows the process. Therefore, it is highly recommended that the tank be inspected for any signs of corrosion after each wash, especially if it has been used to ship a material with “brom”, “chlor”, or “fluor” in the name. If there is any question, the owner of the tank should be able to determine prior loads.

As a side note, do not fall into the “Quick-Fix Trap” of using aluminum brightener to de-rust or even clean stainless steel tanks. These materials often contain hydroFLUORic and/or hydroCHLORic acids and using them will impact the chrome oxide layer and may set the tank up for even more corrosion later on.

For more information about stainless steels, click here http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stainless_steel

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